Gothic Architecture :: Architectural Middle Ages Churches Essays

Gothic ArchitectureThe church in the Middle Ages was a place that all people, regardless of class, could croak to. As a source of unity, its influence on art and trenditecture was great during this time. As society drew away from the feudal system of the Romanesque period, a new spirit of human individualism began to take hold alas, the birth of Gothic. Here, the Church became a place where humanity became more acceptable, alas becoming the holy man place to visual such new ideals. The beauty and elegance of Gothic architecture is depicted most in the great cathedrals of the 12th, 13th and 14th centuriesSt. Denis, Notre Dame, Chartres, Salisbury, Durham, Amiens, and more. The ensure of looking at one of the great gothic cathedrals is to look up towards God. Indeed, most Gothic structures emphasize the vertical, drawing ones eyes up toward the heavens with the awesomeness of God. These cathedrals were built with towering spires, pointed arches and flying buttresses giving impress ions of harmony and luminosity. One of the major accomplishments of the 12th and 13th centuries was to develop the engineering mastery of the ribbed leave out, pointed arch and flying buttress to create a great cathedral that is at once taller, lighter, wider, and more elegant than the ones before. Even though the pointed arch could project more weight than its predecessors, there was still the problem of finding a way to support the heavy masonry ceiling vaults over wide spans. In order to support the outward thrust of barrel vaults, vertical support walls have to be very thick and heavy. What makes possible the extensive use of ribbed vaulting and pointed arches to blunt and lighten the walls and space of the cathedral is the flying buttressan arched bridge above the aisle roof that extends from the upper nave wall, where the lateral thrust of the main vault is greatest, down to a solid pier. Jansen, History of Art, p. 407. The effect is to add structural strength and solidity to the building. The visual appearance of changes from the Early and Later or high up Gothic are clear, as each cathedral became increasingly narrower and taller. For instance, compare the nave elevations of Notre-Dame to Amiens Text, fig. 442, p. 333, the pointed arches of Amiens are significantly taller and narrower than the much earlier Notre Dame. The mastery of the flying buttress allowed gothic builders to construct taller and more elegant looking buildings with more complex ground plans.