Comparing Tennessee William’s Life and Streetcar Named Desire and Glass

Parallels in Williams Life and A Streetcar Named Desire and internal-combustion engine menagerie Tennessee Williams is one of the greatest American playwrights. He was constantly shocking audiences with themes such(prenominal) as homosexuality, drug addictions, and rape. He broke free from taboos on such subjects, paving the way for future playwrights. He also was a very good generator. One of the things he is famous for is his dialogue, which is very poetic. Williams wrote about his life. The Glass Menagerie is a very autobiographical play. A Streetcar Named Desire, although meant to a play that anyone can relate to, also contained characters and situations from his life. In both plays, the characters are drawn from his life. The different relationship I would like to discuss is the similarities between The Glass Menagerie and A Streetcar Named Desire, which have similar characters and themes throughout them. Tennessee Williams was born Thomas Lanier Williams, in 1911, in Columbus, Mississippi. He had an older sister named Rose, who was born in 1909 his one younger brother, Dakin was born in 1919. Williams lived with his mother and her parents in small southern towns. His cause was a traveling shoe salesman, who was rarely home. The first years of his life were very idyllic. His pay off was rarely around, so he wasnt teased as much, and he enjoyed living with his grandparents. In fact, he went to stay with them after working in the factory in order to recuperate. He was very close to his sister, Rose, and took business organization of her when she was older. In 1918, Toms father got a job as the manager of a shoe company, in St. Louis. Tom hated the big city. His father constantly teased him about being a sissy, calling him Miss Nancy. His mothe... ...plays run many common themes, often themes from Williams own life. He was a writer who broke taboos and wrote about depraved people, people going crazy and many other themes that werent considered a ppropriate at the time. His own life was very chaotic. He was always feeling guilty about his sister. Bibliography A Streetcar Named Desire. By Tennessee Williams. Dir. Scot Whitney. Harlequin Productions, Olympia. September 1998. 2.Remember Tennessee Williams. Tom Sullivan. 21 June 2000. http//www.lambda.net/maximum/williams.html Roudane, Mathew C. Ed. The Cambridge Companion to Tennessee Williams. unexampled York Cambridge Press, 1997 Williams, Tennessee. The Glass Menagerie. Anthology of American Literature From Realism to the Present. By Tennessee Williams. Ed. McMichael, George et. al. New Jersey Prentice Hall, 2000. 1445-

Gothic Architecture :: Architectural Middle Ages Churches Essays

Gothic ArchitectureThe church in the Middle Ages was a place that all people, regardless of class, could croak to. As a source of unity, its influence on art and trenditecture was great during this time. As society drew away from the feudal system of the Romanesque period, a new spirit of human individualism began to take hold alas, the birth of Gothic. Here, the Church became a place where humanity became more acceptable, alas becoming the holy man place to visual such new ideals. The beauty and elegance of Gothic architecture is depicted most in the great cathedrals of the 12th, 13th and 14th centuriesSt. Denis, Notre Dame, Chartres, Salisbury, Durham, Amiens, and more. The ensure of looking at one of the great gothic cathedrals is to look up towards God. Indeed, most Gothic structures emphasize the vertical, drawing ones eyes up toward the heavens with the awesomeness of God. These cathedrals were built with towering spires, pointed arches and flying buttresses giving impress ions of harmony and luminosity. One of the major accomplishments of the 12th and 13th centuries was to develop the engineering mastery of the ribbed leave out, pointed arch and flying buttress to create a great cathedral that is at once taller, lighter, wider, and more elegant than the ones before. Even though the pointed arch could project more weight than its predecessors, there was still the problem of finding a way to support the heavy masonry ceiling vaults over wide spans. In order to support the outward thrust of barrel vaults, vertical support walls have to be very thick and heavy. What makes possible the extensive use of ribbed vaulting and pointed arches to blunt and lighten the walls and space of the cathedral is the flying buttressan arched bridge above the aisle roof that extends from the upper nave wall, where the lateral thrust of the main vault is greatest, down to a solid pier. Jansen, History of Art, p. 407. The effect is to add structural strength and solidity to the building. The visual appearance of changes from the Early and Later or high up Gothic are clear, as each cathedral became increasingly narrower and taller. For instance, compare the nave elevations of Notre-Dame to Amiens Text, fig. 442, p. 333, the pointed arches of Amiens are significantly taller and narrower than the much earlier Notre Dame. The mastery of the flying buttress allowed gothic builders to construct taller and more elegant looking buildings with more complex ground plans.

Agricultural Subsidies: Their Original Purpose and Impact Today Essay

coarse Subsidies Their Original employment and Impact TodayContentsIntroduction What are leaven Subsidies?3Government Intervention in Agribusiness7The Reality9 work Cited12Introduction What are arouse Subsidies?The Agriculture sector has changed monumentally over the past century in response to vast economic change and technological advancements. Farm subsidies are different forms of compensations from the federal government put in place in an case to stabilize prices, keep farmers in business, and ensure whole step of crops. The federal government currently pays $20 billion in cash each year to US farmers and spent an estimated $250 billion between 1995-2005. Presently, a wise farm bill is passed every five years with the most recent being in 2013 . Although on that point are small changes with each preceding Farm Bill the permanent pieces of legislation requiring US Department of Agriculture to control pricing and regulate supplies fancy back to the 19th century. The C ommodity Credit federation (CCC) finances subsidies and buys surplus food to regulate and steady farm income. There are presently eights various subsidies Direct Payments, Countercyclical Payments, Export Subsidies, Conservation Subsidies, Marketing Loans, Agricultural Research and Assistance, Disaster Aid, and Insurance. 1)Direct Payments 5 billion annuallyThe federal government pays cash subsidies to landowners who release wheat, corn, sorghum, barley, oats, cotton, rice, soybean, minor oil seeds and peanuts. This combination of crops are considered to be the top ten crucial commodities. A direct payment is equal to the product of the payment charge per unit for the specific crop, the historical payment acres, and the historical payment yield fo... ...z2yiN9IUsy. Nathaniel, Jeroime. Farm Bill 2013 An Inside Look At the Most Important Bill Youve neer Heard Of. PolicyMic. Oct. 2013. 13 Apr. 2014 . Peterson, E. Wesley F. A billion dollars a day The economics and politics of agri cultural subsidies. Malden, MA Wiley-Blackwell, 2009. U.S. Department of Agriculture. U.S. Department of Agriculture. 11 Apr. 2014 . U.S. Farmers During the Great Depression. Farm Collector. 13 Apr. 2014 . White, Deborah. What Are U.S. Farm Subsidies? About.com US easy Politics. 11 Apr. 2014 . Agricultural Subsidies Their Original Purpose and Impact Today EssayAgricultural Subsidies Their Original Purpose and Impact TodayContentsIntroduction What are Farm Subsidies?3Government Intervention in Agribusiness7The Reality9Works Cited12Introduction What are Farm Subsidies?The Agriculture sector has changed monumentally over the past century in response to vast economic change and technological advancements. Farm subsidies are various forms of payments from the federal government put in place in an effort to stabilize prices, keep farmers in business, and ensure quality of crops. The federal government currently pays $20 billion in cash each year to US farmers and spent an estimated $250 billion between 1995-2005. Presently, a new farm bill is passed every five years with the most recent being in 2013 . Although there are small changes with each preceding Farm Bill the permanent pieces of legislation requiring US Department of Agriculture to control pricing and regulate supplies date back to the 19th century. The Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) finances subsidies and buys surplus food to regulate and steady farm income. There are presently eights various subsidies Direct Payments, Countercyclical Payments, Export Subsidies, Conservation Subsidies, Marketing Loans, Agricultural Research and Assistance, Disaster Aid, and Insurance. 1)Direct Payments 5 billion annuallyThe federal government pays cash subsidies to landowners who produce wheat, corn, sorghum, barley, oats, cotton, rice, soybean, minor oil seeds and peanuts. This combination of crops are considered to be the top ten crucial commodities. A direct payment is equal to the product of the p ayment rate for the specific crop, the historical payment acres, and the historical payment yield fo... ...z2yiN9IUsy. Nathaniel, Jeroime. Farm Bill 2013 An Inside Look At the Most Important Bill Youve Never Heard Of. PolicyMic. Oct. 2013. 13 Apr. 2014 . Peterson, E. Wesley F. A billion dollars a day The economics and politics of agricultural subsidies. Malden, MA Wiley-Blackwell, 2009. U.S. Department of Agriculture. U.S. Department of Agriculture. 11 Apr. 2014 . U.S. Farmers During the Great Depression. Farm Collector. 13 Apr. 2014 . White, Deborah. What Are U.S. Farm Subsidies? About.com US Liberal Politics. 11 Apr. 2014 .

chemical waste :: essays research papers

          Clean Up Of Chemical Waste     Chemical spills are major problems that haunt the environment. stringent government regulation are trying help this problem, but governmental leaders face many challenges. Disposal of harmful chemical substances is often difficult and costly. Since chemical waste has destroyed the environment, steps are being taken to prevent further pollution, Like the Yucca mountain project.      A local anaesthetic based pharmaceutical beau monde named Novo Nordisk released its 1999 environmental report. The company, which strives to keep from contaminating the environment, confessed to two separate accidents for the year. A North Carolina plant was fined from the United States Department of Agriculture 1,000 dollars. Due to the fact that hydrochloric acid was given up of in the public sewage system. New management has taken live up to to insure this does not happen again. Also at the Gentofte site in Denmark effluent with the E- Coli bacteria was drained into the public sewage system from a leaky heater exchanger. The incident was reported to the local authorities and cleaned up quickly.       A local company offered to donate expired chemicals to local schools. The chemicals have expired to which they can be used in schools for experiments and related activities. The companies prefer to donate the chemicals because it keeps them from the costly action of disposing of them properly. For example Novo Nordisk in Clayton, North Carolina has a program in which they donate hydrochloric acid and other expired chemicals to Clayton High School. A chemistry teacher at North Johnston High School was unaware that companies could donate their expired chemicals. Her comment of the quality of the expired chemicals was positive. "Expired chemicals would be fine to use for experiments and help me come forth a lot due to the small budget I a m allowed each year for chemicals". A representative from Novo Nordisk stated that a program could easy be established if schools would show interest in the program.      Certain disasters stick out in the minds of many people . Chernobyl was a nuclear plant in Ukraine that ended up being the worst nuclear leak in history. The media reported that, "On April 26, 1986, Chernobyls number four reactor exploded, spewing a slander of radioactive material across a portion of Europe in the worlds worst civilian nuclear reactor disaster". Officials estimate that about thirty people were killed immediately and more than fifteen thousand people died in the emergency clean up afterwards.

Lupus Essay -- essays research papers fc

LupusDefinition of the Disease Lupus is a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown cause that can affect virtually either part of the body. The medical term for Lupus is Systemic Lupus Erythematosus or better known as SLE. With Lupus there is a malfunction in some of the cells of the immune system. "In Lupus, the body overreacts to an unknown stimulus and makes to many antibodies, or proteins directed against body tissue. Thus, Lupus is called an autoimmune disease. Myth/Reality Statements Myth Lupus is contagious. Reality It is not contagious, it is not feast from person to person. Myth It is uncommon in women to contact Lupus. Reality "Between the ages of 15 and 45, close to 90% of diagnosed forbearings are women ." Myth Caucasians are most cagey to be diagnosed with Lupus. Reality In the United States, African Americans, Latinos, and Asians have a greater incidence of SLE than Caucasians ." Myth Lupus is a curable disease. Reality Lupus is governable not curab le. Myth The most common initial complaint is fevers, weight loss and fatigue. Reality The most common complaint is pain in joints or swelling followed by skin rashes. OverviewWomen are the most common to suffer from Lupus. Although men and Children can get Lupus, 80% of Lupus patients are women ." There are lead times as many black women as white women affected by this disease. During the first ten years of life, girls will have Lupus three to sevener more times often than boys. Three are about 1,400,000 cases of Lupus diagnosed at the present time, but there can be up to 2 one million million million unreported cases since the disease in extremely difficult to diagnose. "Only 10% of Lupus patients will have a close relative who already has or may develop Lupus. Only 5% of children born to individuals with Lupus will develop the illness ." The cause of Lupus is still unknown. Some doctors thumb that there are some environmental and genetic factors involved. Some of the environmental factors include infections, antibodies, especially those in the Sulfa and Penicillin groups, ultra violet light, extreme stress and certain drugs. There are an marvelous number of symptoms that you can have with Lupus. There are general symptoms such as weakness, fatigue, low-grade fever, generalized aching and chills. These symptoms are most evident when the patient is i... ...ts with medications are not required at all. They should avoid the sun and take aspirin or other nonsteriodal antiflammatory drugs, for muscle and joint pain. Conclusion I feel that Lupus is a very peculiar disease. It shares many similarities with HIV in the fact that there is multiple organ involvement and potentially life threatening episodes. I do not understand how Lupus is not always a fatal disease if it attacks the immune system. Without an immune system, other diseases can not be fought mutilate by the antibodies, which can cause someone to become very ill. I feel as though there needs to be a hatch more research done for Lupus. It is a disease of high occurrence and the cause is still unknown. The cause needs to be found so that a cure can be discovered so that patients and their families can find a relief from this disease. Bibliography1. Wallace, D. The Lupus Book. Oxford University Press New York, 19952. Aldejem, Henrietta. Understanding Lupus. Charles Scribers Sons New York, 1982. 3. Moore, Mary. Learning round Lupus. Mainline Desktop Pennsylvania, 19914. Ferrante, C. 1995. Caring for Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythmatosus. Nursing 25 66-7

Lupus Essay -- essays research papers fc

LupusDefinition of the Disease Lupus is a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown realise that shag affect virtually any part of the body. The medical term for Lupus is Systemic Lupus Erythematosus or better known as SLE. With Lupus at that place is a die in some of the cells of the immune system. "In Lupus, the body overreacts to an unknown stimulus and makes to many antibodies, or proteins directed against body tissue. Thus, Lupus is called an autoimmune disease. story/Reality Statements romance Lupus is contagious. Reality It is not contagious, it is not spread from person to person. Myth It is un roughhewn in women to contact Lupus. Reality "Between the ages of 15 and 45, nearly to 90% of diagnosed patients argon women ." Myth Caucasians are most apt to be diagnosed with Lupus. Reality In the United States, African Americans, Latinos, and Asians have a greater incidence of SLE than Caucasians ." Myth Lupus is a curable disease. Reality Lupus is controllab le not curable. Myth The most common initial complaint is fevers, weight loss and fatigue. Reality The most common complaint is pain in joints or swelling followed by skin rashes. OverviewWomen are the most common to suffer from Lupus. Although men and Children can get Lupus, 80% of Lupus patients are women ." There are three times as many black women as white women affected by this disease. During the first ten historic period of life, girls will have Lupus three to seven more times often than boys. Three are about 1,400,000 cases of Lupus diagnosed at the present time, but there can be up to 2 million unreported cases since the disease in extremely difficult to diagnose. "Only 10% of Lupus patients will have a close relative who already has or may develop Lupus. Only 5% of children born to individuals with Lupus will develop the illness ." The cause of Lupus is still unknown. Some doctors facial expression that there are some environmental and genetic factors involve d. Some of the environmental factors include infections, antibodies, especially those in the Sulfa and Penicillin groups, ultra violet light, extreme focal point and certain drugs. There are an incredible number of symptoms that you can have with Lupus. There are general symptoms such as weakness, fatigue, low-grade fever, generalized perceive and chills. These symptoms are most evident when the patient is i... ...ts with medications are not required at all. They should avoid the sun and take aspirin or opposite nonsteriodal antiflammatory drugs, for musclebuilder and joint pain. Conclusion I feel that Lupus is a very peculiar disease. It shares many similarities with HIV in the fact that there is multiple organ mesh and potentially life threatening episodes. I do not understand how Lupus is not always a fatal disease if it attacks the immune system. Without an immune system, other diseases can not be fought off by the antibodies, which can cause someone to become very ill. I feel as though there necessitate to be a lot more research done for Lupus. It is a disease of high occurrence and the cause is still unknown. The cause needs to be found so that a cure can be discovered so that patients and their families can find a relief from this disease. Bibliography1. Wallace, D. The Lupus Book. Oxford University Press sassy York, 19952. Aldejem, Henrietta. Understanding Lupus. Charles Scribers Sons New York, 1982. 3. Moore, Mary. Learning About Lupus. Mainline Desktop Pennsylvania, 19914. Ferrante, C. 1995. Caring for Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythmatosus. Nursing 25 66-7

Improving the processes of patient care to improve outcomes Essay

Improving the processes of patient care to improve outcomes is fundamental to quality patient care and requires skills in change management.Porter-OGrady, Tim Malloch, Kathy. Leadership in care for act (p. 3). Jones & Bartlett Learning. Kindle Edition. The term innovation, rather than change, is often used to gain attention and infer that something new and special is happening. One ofPorter-OGrady, Tim Malloch, Kathy. Leadership in treat utilization (p. 4). Jones & Bartlett Learning. Kindle Edition. the reasons there are signifi stinkert variations in the descriptions of change and innovation can be attributed to the various underlying assumptions just about the environment and the nature of change.Porter-OGrady, Tim Malloch, Kathy. Leadership in Nursing Practice (p. 4). Jones & Bartlett Learning. Kindle Edition. Linear change does not recognize the multiple, unanticipated human actions and communication theory that occur and the dynamic context in which the change is occurring . As a consequence, the linear side often becomes rigid, control driven, frustrating, and unsuccessful.Porter-OGrady, Tim Malloch, Kathy. Leadership in Nursing Practice (p. 5). Jones & Bartlett Learning. Kindle Edition. The world is in continual motion, and movement occurs in more than linear ways. A change in one area can result in numerous, unanticipated changes in areas not considered.Porter-OGrady, Tim Malloch, Kathy. Leadership in Nursing Practice (p. 5). Jones & Bartlett Learning. Kindle Edition. Interactions in a complexity perspective are characterized by creativity, interdependence, unpredictability, and collective knowledge.Porter-OGrady, Tim Malloch, Kathy. Leadership in Nursing Practice (p. 6). Jones & Bartlett Learning. Kindle Edition. Change is Something new or different To make or become different To alter to make different to cause to pass from one state to another as, to change the position, character, orPorter-OGrady, Tim Malloch, Kathy. Leadership in Nursing Practice (p. 6). Jones & Bartlett Learning. Kindle Edition. appearance of a thing to change the countenance To alter by substituting something else for, or by giving up for something else as, to change the clothes to change ones occupation to change ones intention To give and take reciprocally to exchange followed by with as, to change place, or hats, or money, with another Source Websters Dictionary (1991). Innovation is Anything that creates new resources, processes, or values or improves a companys existing resources, processes, or values (Christensen, Anthony, & Roth, 2004) The power to define the industry the effort to create purposefully focused changed inPorter-OGrady, Tim Malloch, Kathy. Leadership in Nursing Practice (p. 6). Jones & Bartlett Learning. Kindle Edition. an enterprises economic or social potentialPorter-OGrady, Tim Malloch, Kathy. Leadership in Nursing Practice (p. 6). Jones & Bartlett Learning. Kindle Edition. evidence-based practice, linkages surrounded by clinical practice and scientific standards, the quest for consistency, minimizing idiosyncrasies, and providing a scientific basis for policy construction are the basic reasons for a change in wellness care. Using an evidence-driven model serves to provide focus and organization of change initiatives evidence-based practice is the platform for nurses work.Porter-OGrady, Tim Malloch, Kathy. Leadership in Nursing Practice (p. 10). Jones & Bartlett Learning. Kindle Edition. chaos is normative in health care.Porter-OGrady, Tim Malloch, Kathy. Leadership in Nursing Practice (p. 14). Jones & Bartlett Learning. Kindle Edition. Personal knowledge and accountability for ones proclaim strengths and limitations specific to change and innovation, including technical capability and computer literacy Understanding the essence of change and innovation concepts as well as the tools of innovation The ability to collaborate and fully engage team members that is, relational competenciesPorter -OGrady, Tim Malloch, Kathy. Leadership in Nursing Practice (p. 14). Jones & Bartlett Learning. Kindle Edition. Competence in embracing vulnerability and happen takingPorter-OGrady, Tim Malloch, Kathy. Leadership in Nursing Practice (p. 14). Jones & Bartlett Learning. Kindle Edition.

Pidgins and Creoles Essay

Note to the CustomerIm sorry the essay cannot be revised as you say. It was an urgent order, so books could not be found. Moreover, you didnt say that you wanted a critical analysis of the pidgins and Creoles. Revisions are only possible if the writer fails to follow the original instructions. In your next order please mention that you would like books to be spendd, and whether the discussion should be descriptive or analytical.Best regards,Pidgins and CreolesA pidgin is defined as a verbiage that has been simplified from at least two different languages. Referred to as a contact language, a pidgin may be used by those who do not originate in a given geographical area and must therefore develop a common language to be verbalize in the area. All the same, pidgin is used sparingly. Its structure is rather simplistic. Seeing that it serves a simplistic purpose, a pidgin dies out rather easily (Pidgins and Creoles, 1997).If masses manage to use a pidgin for a long time, however, the contact language is expected to become richer and more complex in terms of vocabulary and structure. In that case, the pidgin is said to allow evolved. Children may learn the evolved pidgin as their very first language or mother tongue. If this happens, the pidgin has managed to turn into a Creole. An example of a Creole is Tok Pisin, a language of Papua New Guinea, which was a pidgin before it turned into a national language (Pidgins and Creoles, 1997).Stafford notes that pidgins and Creoles are mostly used in third world nations because of the dramatic changes in the social and political environment experienced by the communities there. Moreover, most of the pidgins and Creoles in the developing regions, for example, in South East Asia, are based on languages of Europe. English, French, and Spanish are very much associated with the pidgins and Creoles of the third world. This is because Europeans had spent time a great deal of time in the developing world. Pidgins are often creat ed for conversation between immigrants and natives or missionaries and locals (Stafford). As the pidgin evolves, the contact language develops its own grammatical rules. Typically it is the children who must get together to formulate grammatical rules for the pidgin that they have evaluate as their first language. The fact that the Creole is generally formed without the influence of adults reveals that the formulation of grammatical rules and the application of structure to a certain language is indispensable behavior (Pidgin and Creole). Insufficient education is another reason why people of a certain region may have to develop a pidgin, and after a Creole, so as to communicate with a new group of people they have come into contact with (Pidgin and Creole). It is estimated that between ten to fifteen gazillion people in the world speak languages that are considered creolized. As an example, Creole based on French is spoken by seven million people in the world.These people may b e found in Haiti, the French Overseas Departments of Guadeloupe, Mauritius, Martinique, Guyana, Reunion, Dominica, St. Lucia, and many islands of the Caribbean that have been influenced by the British, in addition to southwestern lah (Mauritian Creole, 2005). In the case of the pidgins that were created by these people, most probably to communicate with the Europeans they had come into contact with French was considered the superstrate language. If there were minority languages that contributed to the creation of a pidgin, the languages were referred to as subtrate languages (Pidgins and Creoles, 1997). regardless of the kinds of languages that were used in the creation of pidgins and Creoles, the fact remains that human beings have an essential need to communicate with one another. Human beings do not regard invaders, so therefore people in the third world had by and large rejected the presence of the colonialists. Nevertheless, they had to learn to communicate with the people w ho had become rife on their lands. Whether they had to communicate with the foreigners because the latter controlled their economic resources or otherwise, it may be inferred from this discussion that pidgins and Creoles would be created for as long as human civilization exists on earth. Man is a social animal, after all.ReferencesMauritian Creole. (2005). Pidgins and Creoles. Retrieved fall 1, 2007, fromhttp//kreol.mu/CreoleLanguages.htm.Patrick, P. L. (2004, Nov 14). Pidgin and Creole Languages Origin and Relationships. Intro Sociolinguistics. Retrieved Dec 1, 2007, from http//privatewww.essex.ac.uk/patrickp/Courses/PCs/IntroPidginsCreoles.htm.Pidgin and Creole. Retrieved Dec 1, 2007, from http//www.hevanet.com/alexwest/pidgin.html.Pidgins and Creoles. Retrieved Dec 1, 2007, from http//www.uni-due.de/SVE/VARS_PidginsAndCreoles.htm.Pidgins and Creoles. (1997, Feb 25). Retrieved Dec 1, 2007, fromhttp//logos.uoregon.edu/explore/socioling/pidgin.html.Stafford, A. Pidgins and Creoles . Retrieved Dec 1, 2007, fromhttp//www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/cultural/language/pidgcreol.html.

Research Critique †Burns And Grove Essay

IntroductionBurns and Grove (2011), define qualitative research is a standardized, ad hominem way used to define life experiences and grant them meaning. A qualitative meditate must establish a dilemma or research problem, does non contain a hypotheses, and the research questions, which evolve as the news report progresses are usually very broad. As a result, the person conducting the study looks for data to establish impressions this type of research can non be measured. This qualitative research critique will analyze the problem statement, purpose and research questions, literature review and conceptual manakin of Qualitative Study on the Impact of Falling in Frail Older Persons and Family Caregivers Foundations for an Intervention to Prevent Falls.Critical AppraisalProblemAmong adults 65 days of age and older, square ups are the main purpose of injury death and the most typical reason for nonfatal injuries and trauma related hospital admissions. In 2010, approximately two million nonfatal fall injuries in older adults were cared for in emergency de functionments with costs totally approximately $30 billion (Centers for ailment Control and Prevention, 2012). Injuries sustained from falls include fractures (hip, spine, forearm, leg, ankle, pelvis, hand), lacerations, and head traumas. Often times after a fall, an individual will become disabled, lose their in colony, or prepare a fear of falling again causing them to decrease their activity level. Decreased activity level results in decreased mobility and muscle mass, loss of macrocosm physically fit, and actually increases an elderly persons chances of falling. In addition to the physical injuries from falls, patients also suffer emotionally and socially, as do their caregivers from increased dependence on them.Purpose and Research QuestionsThe objective of the study was to review the impacts of falls in older adults, some of whom had cognitive impairments and the impacts on theirprimary caregivers who were family members. The subjects taking part in the study all had recently undergo a fall. The other purpose of the study was to make recommendations for a fall prevention program. While the researchers did not provide the questions they used, based on the information given they were questions such as What are the consequences you fear from falling (physical, emotional, social)? What caused the fall? How did you cope with the fall? What do you pay from a fall prevention program?The qualitative method of the grounded theory a constant comparative analysis to identify common themes and issues was used to result the authors research questions. Qualitative research is a methodical, personal way used to illustrate personal experiences and give them meaning. In a qualitative study, participants are chosen by those conducting the study to participate because of their knowledge, views, or experiences related to the study rather than by chance (Burns & Grove, 2011). In this study, the purpose and research questions used were related to the study about falls in the elderly and the impact it has on both them and their caregivers.Literature ReviewThe authors of the article researched both qualitative and quantitative studies relevant to the focussing of their study on falls. The study used references from 1988 through 2009 and approximately half of them were greater than tail fin years old and the other half were less than five years old. Protocols for qualitative research were followed with regard to purposive sampling and triangulation, the sampling and data analysis reached saturation, and the manuscripts of the interviews were tested with interviewees (Faes et al., 2010). Some weaknesses of the study were the small sample coat and the fact that the results were not statistically valid for other populations. The literature review presented valid evidence and information to support the authors argument for the collect for a fall prevention program to discus s and educate people on ways to reduce the consequences of falling and provide information on safety to prevent falls. snare of ReferenceWhen conducting this study, the grounded theory guided the authors who interviewed 10 caregivers and 10 patients. Three patients were cognitively unimpaired, four had mild cognitive impairments and the remaining three were dementia patients. All patients had experienced a recent fall and both them and their caregivers were used as the authors frame of reference. After the study, a framework was developed from the study findings that consisted of two tables that presented the socio-demographic and wellness characteristics of patients and the socio-demographic and health characteristics of caregivers and their care recipients. Interview responses were also categorized into the following categories emotions, social consequences, attributions, coping, burden and rewards of care giving, and fall prevention program. This framework was used by the authors to determine the need for a fall prevention program.ConclusionFalls impact the elderly physically, emotionally and socially as well as contribute to added stress amongst their caregivers. Therefore, the authors of this study suggested that a fall prevention program involving both patients and caregivers should be implemented. The fall prevention program should target reducing the consequences of falling, provide advice on walking and standing(a) more safely, promote self-efficacy and activity, and discuss the cause of falls (Faes et al., 2010). Caregivers should also be properly educated on ways to prevent falls and on how to supervise cognitively impaired patients.ReferencesBurns, N. & Grove, S.K. (2011). Understanding nursing research Building an evidence-based practice. Retrieved fromhttp//pageburstls.elsevier.com//books/978-1-4377-0750-2/pages/52532283 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2012). Falls among older adults An overview.Retrieved from http//www.cdc.gov/Home andRecreationalSafety/Falls/adultfalls.html Faes, M., Reelick, M., Joosten-Weyn Banningh, L., Gier, M., Esselink, R., & Olde Rikkert, M. (2010). Qualitative study on the impact of falling in frail older persons and family caregivers Foundations for anintervention to prevent falls. Aging & Mental Health, 14(7), 834-842. doi10.1080/13607861003781825

Succession Planning

CASE STUDY ON SUCCESSION PLANNING AT RANBAXY Formation of the keep social club Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited was started by Ranbir Singh and Gurbax Singh in 1937 as a distributor for a Japanese alliance Shionogi. The name Ranbaxy is a combination of the names of its first owners Ranbir and Gurbax. Bhai Mohan Singh bought the company in 1952 from his cousins Ranbir and Gurbax. After Bhai Mohan Singhs son Parvinder Singh join the company in 1967, the company saw an increase in scale. Summary of the Case Study Ranbaxy ranks No. 1with a 2007 turn everywhere of Rs 4,198. 96 crore (Rs 41. 89 billion) by sales, Ranbaxy is the largest pharmaceutical company in India. The face discusses ab discover the CEO succession planning controversy at Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited, virtuoso of Indias largest pharmaceutical company. The founder of Ranbaxy Mr. Bhai Mohan Singh established this company in 1961. By 1967 his son Dr. Parvinder Singh (Dr. Singh) joined the company and worked hard to take th e company to great heights, by 1982 he became the Managing Director of his company. Since the retirement of Mr. Bhai Mohan Singh in 1993, his son (Dr. Singh) took full control of the companys business affairs.Dr. Singh adopted highly professional work standards and was well cognize for his commitment to corporate governance and corporate ethics. Although it was a family owned business, Ranbaxy was managed and run by professional managers. He wanted to internationalise Ranbaxy in order to qualify it into a multinational pharma giant, to accomplish this task, he carefully chose a team of professionals. He retired in the year 1998 after he was been detected to be suffering from cancer. At his day of retirement, he chose Devinder Singh Brar (D. S. Brar) as the MD and CEO of the company. Dr.Singh wanted his sons (Malvinder Singh and Shivinder Singh) to earn their positions through hard work and merit to enter their company. Devinder Singh Brar (Brar) had joined Ranbaxy in 1977 as a bus iness development manager. A thorough professional and hard worker, he soon rose through the companys ranks to become integrity of Dr Singhs most important and trusted men. Dr Singh had the overreaching vision for his company he reportedly relied on Brars knowledge and professionalism to implement it. In the early 1990s, differences cropped up amid Dr Singh and Bhai Mohan Singh over the growth route the former was charting for the company.Dr Singh wanted to take the risk of investing huge amounts into basic R and in expanding operations to other countries. Brar back up Dr Singhs vision of internationalising the company by setting up operations in various countries like China, US, Ireland, and others in Europe. In the late 1990s, Brar chalked out a outline to shift half the companys business to the US, a close which was staunchly opposed by members of the Singh family. Questions 1) Was Brars decision to step down as the CEO a forced champion or a personal choice? When Brar took over as Ranbaxys MD and CEO, the company did not have any family delegacy on the board.It was a company managed by professionals. His leadership and managerial skills were responsible for the companys excellent performance in both the domestic and the international markets. In 2002, Ranbaxy was wizard of the fastest growing pharmaceutical companies in the US and was very close to achieving the $1 billion revenue mark in 2004. However, there were other analysts who believed that Brars endurance would not affect the companys performance. This was because he had laid down a well-crafted vision (Garuda Vision) for the company and the strategies to execute that vision had already been put in place.In the given case study it clear states that there has been a big misunderstanding between Brar and the promoter (Bhai Mohan Singh) over Dr. Singhs vision of shifting half the company over to US, this decision was strongly opposed by Bhai Mohan Singh. Regardless of this opposition, Brar we nt ahead with Dr. Singhs plan and made the company to emerge in the top level in the international market globally. Therefore, his decision to step down as the CEO is both a forced one and a personal choice. The forced one is not shown directly but it is indirectly indicated by Bhai Mohan Singh which led Brar to step down on his own (personal choice).Below is a paragraph to prove that Brars decision was both a forced one and a personal choice. Commenting on the conflicting views in the media regarding this issue, an analyst remarked, We feel that this slight aberration is mainly because of the sodden issues involved. According to Business Today Magazine dated July 1999, for six years, Bhai Mohan Singh has harboured a major grouse he attributes the fallout with his son to certain elements in the company. I realise that some people in Ranbaxy influenced his (Parvinders) mind, he says, while refusing to divulge their identities.Therefore, the patriarch is apprehensive that history mi ght be repeated. Two other things torment Bhai Mohan Singh. How would Brar & Co. decide to induct Malvinder without grooming him and giving him a chance to prove himself in a responsible position? He warns If things go wrong, I go out intervene. And what will happen to Ranbaxy once Brar retires by 2004? In an interview to BT last year, Brar, 46, said I am going to give up all the decision maker powers when I turn 51 years. Other possible reasons for Brar to step down He might be unwilling to continue the role within the company, because of the disinterest shown and the dispute between Bhai Mohan Singh and him. ?He might indicate the conclusion of a contract or time limited project which was Dr. Singhs vision of internationalising the company and also set the company for a bigger goal of reaching $1 billion in sales by 2004 (Dr. Singhs Vision) and Brar planned it out strategically and successfully. Brar helped the company to emerge successfully to achieve Dr. Singhs vision by 2 002 Ranbaxys sales turnover was Rs. 39. 4 billion.In December 2003, Ranbaxys unite revenues crossed Rs. 44 billion ($960 million). Brar comfortably lead the company towards accomplishing its goal of earning $1 billion in revenues by 2004. ?In the case study it indicates clearly that he wants to look at other opportunities. He said Having fulfilled my role in the company, I would like to devote my time to other pursuits in the next 10-15 years of my working life Therefore, Brars decision to step down was both forced shown indirectly and his personal choice. 2)Between Tempest and Malvinder who will be a better successor at Ranbaxy and why?

Business Profile of Ireland Essay

Ireland is an island located in the eastern part of the North Atlantic Ocean. Almost all the argonas of the demesne are covered by coastal areas. The density of rainfall is much in the western part of the country that receives heavy which exceeds 3000 mm (120 inches) per year and only 60% of rainfall is certain in re of importing areas having 762 mm rainfall per year. The country is hugely populated with Christians community (Thompson, 1849). The official language of the country is English and arrive tongue is Irish. The education background of the country is that, 52.3% of the population are primary meliorated, 23.3% of the population are secondary and only 24.4% are t highly educate (Hall, 1995).Ireland is one of the most emerging countries of the United Kingdom. It allows the enthusiastic entrepreneurs to commence small as well as medium sized industries which facilitates in the growth and successfulness of the country. For this the so many assistance were provided like financ ial assistance from both the sides of government body and former(a)wise institutions, imposing tax at concession rate, change procedures for incorporating, economical tariffs and transportation costs. And another(prenominal) running costs prevailed is also lower compared to other split of the UK. In addition to these the country is filled with energetic, enthusiastic, young, skilled and highly educated workforce.Ireland is a developing country with a total population of 436, 6193 according to the survey carried emerge in 2007. Since1980, about 40% of the inward coronation in the European Electronics sector has been contributed by Ireland (Hall, 1995). Now, it is being accepted as one of the growing countries in the world. Most of production functions are undertaken by the country itself and the well known software packages are de pointed in this country i.e. around 60% of the total software packages sold in different parts of the world.It is also well known that for the softwa re export in the world. Out of top 15 pharmaceutical companies, 13 companies have been manufacturing and conducting R&D trading operations in Ireland. It also has been a full member of Euro Currency Zone from its inception. It can also simplify the transactions including cross border transactions and other administrative costs that enables the Irish market to gain competitive expediency over costs and gets economies of scale. The Doing Business Report reports that the country is ranked 7 out of 181 economies in terms of ease of doing business (Economy Ranking, 2008). The report also documents that the country is accepted as the 5th economy among the 181 economies across the world to start a new venture.Source (The Doing Business Report 2009, Economy Ranking, 2008)Political EnvironmentThe countrys policy-making stability, risk assessment, administration and policy-making are actually much feasible to the business people in domestic and their foreign policies are too favorable to the investors. Evaluating and anticipating the political stability and security to the business environment in Ireland, it can be said that the political stability of the country plays an important role in determining the entrance of new ventures in to their market. Their pot policies attract many new entrepreneurs to commence their business operations in the country.Recent emergence of emigration, environmental risk and the affect of technological changes to the political schedule have been seen along with Irelands economic performance, their peace process, the policy areas of health, housing and industrial relations of the country. Economic growth rate since past decades of the country in terms of per capita GDP level showed a higher trend. The reason behind such development was imaginative i.e. the dynamic programs developed by Irish political and administrative leaders irrespective of the governing body mainly focused on the development of the country as a whole and not as a n individual. Irelands good working condition and better relationship with the United Kingdom has enabled the two governments to achieve significant progress and developments in the country.Comparative advantage of the countryWhen we are talking about the comparative advantage of the country it is necessary to evaluate the overall development of the country. There is a good sign in inflation rate which is showing decreasing trend from last decades, this resulted in increase in the purchasing power of the people and also the little factors GDP and Per Capita of the country also showed a positive sign. In addition to these foreign exchange rate increased. This inspired more and more outside companies to progress to their business in the country and increased the amount of contribution of the foreign companies in the country, this factor provided employment opportunities to the people of Ireland. The following are the various categories that allege large amount of employments to you th.Ireland Industries Ireland Hi tech Ireland real estate Ireland Services SundryThe other comparative advantage of the country is the prevailing taxation policy of the country. It impose lower rate of taxation for existing industries as well as new industries. The policy of taxation is based on the individual income .In other words, higher the income higher the rate of tax payable. Companies those who are following the conditions as mentioned in the assessment year of July 1998, only 10% corporate tax leave behind be applicable. This tax slab rate will remain unchanged till 2010. If it is a passive income only 25% is applicable (Cantillon, 2001).Income tax imposed on individuals is also low as compared to other countries in the world. For an individual, tax will be payable according to income earned in Ireland and overseas who follows the requirements to become a resident of Ireland for. A foreign resident who is employed in Ireland is also liable to pay tax on income earned in Ir eland. It is yet some other comparative advantage over other countries. Besides this they are also preventing the levy of double tax to the foreign companies even though it is followed in other parts of the country. In addition to these advantages, the government of Ireland provides VISA to the foreigners to do business in their country.In certain occasions they give passport having 3 months rigour to the foreigners to stay. And a work permit will be given to the foreigners by the government if all the conditions in the gazette are complied by them. And suppose they are issued without fulfilling the conditions it will badly affect the employ Tax. They are liable to pay tax on income earned in Ireland and overseas by an individual who meets the attempt of a permanent resident of Ireland. A foreign resident who is employed in Ireland pays tax only on income earned in Ireland and not on overseas. The work permit is granted for the period of one year if required it can be extended.Th e major industries of IrelandThe major industries located in Ireland are Agriculture, Beverages, Chemicals and Fertilizers, Clothing, Construction, Electronics and selective information Processing, Food Processing, Machinery, Pharmaceuticals, Textiles, Tourism.Major companies working in IrelandBarrys Tea LtdIt is a privately owned corporation. It was founded in Republic of Ireland in 1901 whose headquarter is situated at Cork. The main products of the company are Tea. About 73 employees are working in the company. The annual turnover of the company is 31 million.Baltimore TechnologiesIt was founded in 1976 at Dublin, Ireland. About 12 employees are working in the company. The main products of the company are Public Key Infrastructure Solutions. The Company was acquired by Oryx International Growth gunstock in July 2006.AirtricityThe company was established in 1997 in Ireland. Paul Dowling is the current CEO of this company. Mainly they are producing electronic items. About 380 em ployees are working in the company.ArnottsIt is one of the oldest and largest department stores at Dublin, Ireland. It was established in the year 1843 by Sir John Arnott. It is a privately owned company. 750000000 is the asset of the company. Market capitalization of the company is US$13billion.

Action Centred Leadership

rear Adair Action-centred leadership John Adair (b. 1934) is one of Britains foremost authorities on leadership in organisations. Before Adair and arguably still today people associated leadership with the so called Great Man Theory. One charismatic individual who utilise his or her personal power and rhetoric to mobilise a group. Adair approached leadership from a more practical and simple angle by describing what leaders boast to do and the actions they need to take. His model was figuratively based on three overlapping circles representing- 1.Achieve the task. 2. Build and maintain the aggroup. 3. Develop the individual. This creates a free distinction mingled with leadership and management. Creating charismatic Great Man leaders is difficult and can non be relied on. You cannot guarantee that such a person can be developed and, once developed, that they go out be reliable. Adairs theory is more practical and shows that leadership can be taught and that it is a transferab le skill. The three circles in Adairs model overlap because- 1. The task inescapably a team because one person alone cannot accomplish it. 2.If the team needs are not met the task will suffer and the individuals will not be satisfied. 3. If the individual needs are not met the team will suffer and performance of the task will be impaired. Leadership Functions Adair lists eight Leadership Functions required to achieve success. These need to be constantly developed and honed to ensure success. 1. Defining the task Using SMART goals (Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic and Time-Constrained) to set a clear objective. 2. Planning An open minded, positive and creative search for alternatives. Contingencies should be planned for and plans should be tested. . Briefing Team briefings by the leader are a prefatorial function and essential in order to create the right atmosphere, foster teamwork and motivate for each one individual. 4. Controlling Leaders need self-control, good co ntrol systems in place and effective delegation and monitoring skills in order to get maximum results from minimum resources. 5. Evaluating Assess consequences, evaluate performance, appraise and train individuals. 6. Motivating Adair identifies eight basic rules for motivating people* in his book Effective Motivation (Guildford Talbot Adair Press, 1987).Adair also created the 5050 rule which states that 50% of motivation comes from within a person and 50% from his or her environment and particularly the leadership they encounter. 7. Organising Good leaders need to be able to organise themselves, their team and their organisation. 8. Setting an exemplar The best leaders naturally set a good workout. If effort needs to be made it will slip and a bad example is noticed more than a good example. Motivating Your Team The eight rules for motivating people- 1. Be motivated yourself. 2. Select motivated people. . Treat each person as an individual. 4. Set realistic but challenging target s. 5. Understand that progress itself motivates. 6. Create a motivating environment. 7. Provide relevant rewards. 8. Recognise success. John Adairs work is in line with motivational theorists such as Maslow, McGregor and Herzberg. He emphasises the need for development of the team and team building. This can be achieved through team building events and using theories such as that of Belbin. Where Adair identifies the need, Belbin provides one of the tools.

Domestic Violence among African Americans Essay

Domestic rage is abuse that occurs within a personal relationship. It force out occur betwixt former or current married persons or significant others. Domestic violence doesnt put up a name it affects both men and women of any race, organized religion gay or straight upper class or low class adolescents, adults, or seniors. But most of its victims argon women rather men. While home(prenominal) violence is present in all races, the existence among African Americans is significantly higher in the United States. thither are many elements that have been expressn to look sharp a person to engage in national violence examples are failing relationships, lack of employment, poor school systems, violent communities, drug use and the good deal of nearby accessible liquor stores. Experiencing any these situations can lead to strong emotions that can ultimately result in domestic violence. People who experience domestic violence are deeply affected and a good deal live in fear.This pl ague has broken down and destroyed many African American communities. There are serious physical and mental health risks involved in domestic hysteria. Abortion, stress, unconsented sexual encounters, achievable suicides, complicated pregnancies and murder are few possible physical results from domestic violence. (Bent-Goodley, 2004) Abuse, control and violence are comp onenessnts of domestic violence. Neither the maltreater nor the person being ill-use are winners in these type of situations. The abuser actions shows characteristics of controlling, anger, oppressor, possessiveness, power and liar. The abusers victims are usually multitude that can be manipulated, panic-struck and shielded by the abuser. Although the abuser may be an adult most often their mental capacity displays child like behavior. A child will typically throw fits and become angry when things dont go their flair or they didnt get what they destinyed. This anger that possess is shown through mental and ph ysical abuse.Abuser are usually non very(prenominal) open people and they believe that are right in every situation. However, they never take the blame for their actions and tend to blame others, most often their spouse. The victimsof abuse tend to show characteristics of having low self-esteem, sadness and being unconfident approximately themselves. Often the victim believes that this type of physical and verbal abuse should be inflicted upon them. (Agazie, 2011) Generally, a victim or spouse show signs of previously experiencing an unstable and hostile childhood, and possibly being abused as a child. As a result, they feel like an unwanted and scared child who is weak, instead of like an adult. African Americans who survive domestic violence, child abuse and community violence consistently engage in various types cognitive content abuse at higher rates. (Hill, et al, 2012)African American abusers who has previously used a weapon or threatened their spouse with one during argum ents, will much than likely kill them by lethal violence. It is stated that 80% of African American women who have murdered their partners had a history of abuse. Violence and nonviolence have been proven behaviors that are learned. Social and cultural beliefs, outlooks on life, examples, role models influences on whether a person decides to engage in volatile or nonvolatile behavior. It is very key to know how a person elects to use violence or nonviolence. (Wimberly, 2000)Statistics have shown that African American women are more prone to leave an abusive relationship and then return to it compared to white women. (Agazie, 2011) African American women suffer mistreatment over a long period of time and have a tendencies shin back. Close to 50% of victims that attempt to leave their abusive relationship are killed by their partners. (Williams, et al, 2008) African American women are brought up as younger girls downstairs strong religious belief and family values. They are taught at a young age that once you get married you do what it takes not to become a victim of divorce. They are told that it may not be easy but you are married for life once you have made that commitment. With this type of facts of life African American women tend to procrastinate and often hesitate leaving an unhealthy marriage due to their beliefs. Most people dont not understand the reasoning behind women staying in this form of relationship.While the reasons for their reluctances to leave an abusive relationship are uncertain, some likely justifications would be (1) when searching for a spouse African American women have a smaller amount of pickaxs than albumen women (2) African American womens income is normally lower than of mostWhite women (3) baleful women are reluctant to call the police due to the trust that African American in the justice system. Unfortunately, most battered and abused Black women find no other way out of the relationship and resort to killing their partn ers. Losing financial means may also contribute to the reason wherefore African American women of lower class are reluctant to report abuse. The abusing spouse may take care of the victim financially by providing a place to stay, clothes and food and, in order to keep their current living status so they remain quiet about the abuse. Reputation may play a part in why African American women of higher class hesitate to report abuse because they dont want to put their reputation at risk.Another reason why abused victims remain quiet is because they may not be taken serious by law enforcement. It has been confirmed that domestic violence is treated more like a private family matter rather than serious matter. Typically when law enforcement is called to a domestic violence scene, no arrest is usually made and if they are ever prosecuted the case is usually dismissed. (Hampton, et al, 2008) In many cases I have anchor that the African American community seems to accept, if not encourage, the domestic violence that exists within it. While it is easy to blame education or social rank for a couples behavior or societys reaction to it, these factors are often not as important as one powerfulness expect. A cleaning woman with multiple degrees or at the highest level of social strata is as vulnerable to domestic violence as the woman who did not down form high school. It equally as likely for a man who is born to an upper middle class family and a man born to a family that lives in poverty to participate in an abusive relationship.The Black church has always and continues to be a pillar of strength to Black families and communities. The Black church has been a powerful force in the Black community. Domestic violence is a tough situation to endure, so many African Americans turn to entreaty to cope with the difficulties in their lives. (Watlington & Murphy, 2006) The Black church has been unreliable and, at times, inadequate in reacting to domestic violence situations . (Bent- Goodley, et al, 2012) For instance on August 22, 2007, Bishop Thomas Weeks, minister of religion of an independent ministry that worked out of the Global Destiny Church (Haines, 2007) assaulted his wife, Juanita Bynum. This assault is significant not only for the positions held by the participant, but also for the actions taken by the African Americancommunity itself. According to Haines (2007) the community did not speak out against the pastor after the beating. Rather, some members of the community spoke in support for the pastor.Haines quotes one individual as posting a message to Weeks MySpace page that read, Bishop Weeks, dont be discouraged, but be encouraged. Stand firm and know that the maestro is mighty in battle. Haines reports that another community member asked her own pastor about the Weeks domestic abuse case, only to find that he had no reaction to the abuse and only provided him with scriptures. making her wonder what he could offer her if she were a victi m of domestic abuse (Haines, 2007). While this situation may be distressing, it is not unusual. According to Jordan (2005) When African American men act as bullies toward African American women they tend to engage in active-passive renunciation, which leaves abused women the choice of speaking out or being ostracized. What kind of message does this send? As a young girl I watched my mother be abused countless times by my very own father.She endured this abuse for many years and it appeared as though she would never leave him. It was as if she was accepting of it or had merely gotten used to it. Then one day after 13 years she left and didnt look back. Although she didnt speak out about it, she removed herself from the situation. Most of my family knew about the situation but never brought it up. Years later my father eventually changed for the better. I believe that change has to come from within. You can acquire help and assistance but until you want to change no one can help you. It is difficult to create successful programs and mediation approaches that are geared towards domestic violence without fully understanding how African Americans grasp and distinguish this disease. (Bent-Goodley, 2013)Domestic abuse is not distinctive to the African American community. As it stands, whether an African American woman is rich or poor, educated or not, she is at grave risk of being abused by her partner. As it stands, that woman is also at grave risk of being rejected by her community and even her family, if she speaks up about her abuse. Domestic abuse is not expressage to only woman but the percentages are outstandingly high compared to an abused make victim. This violence must come to an end. Through education from within, it might be possible to initiate change.ReferencesWilliams, Oliver J. Oliver, William Pope, Marcus. (2008). Domestic Violence in the African American Community. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma, Vol. 16 return key 3, p229-237. 9p. Ag azie, Maxine. (2011). heathenish Considerations Impacting Domestic Violence Among African American Women Implications for Social Work. Conflict Resolution & Negotiation Journal, Issue 1, p138-141. 4p. Watlington, Christina G. Murphy, Christopher M. (2006). The roles of religion and spirituality among African American survivors of domestic violence. Journal of Clinical Psychology, Vol. 62 Issue 7, p837-857. 21p. Bent-Goodley, TB. (2013). Domestic Violence Fatality Reviews and the African American Community. HOMICIDE STUDIES, Vol. 17, Issue 4 p375-p390. Bent-Goodley, Tricia B. (2004). Perceptions of Domestic Violence Health & Social Work, Vol. 29 Issue 4, p307-316. 10p. Hill, Nicholle Woodson, Kamilah Ferguson, Angela Parks, Carlton. (2012). Intimate married person Abuse among African American Lesbians Prevalence, Risk Factors, Theory, and Resilience. Journal of Family Violence, Vol. 27 Issue 5, p401-413. 13p. Campbell, Jacquelyn Campbell, Doris W. Gary, Faye Nedd, Daphne Price-Lea, Patricia Sharps, Phyllis W. Smith, Cheryl. (2008). African American Womens Responses to Intimate Partner Violence An Examination of Cultural Context. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma, Vol. 16 Issue 3, p277-295. 19p Bent-Goodley, Tricia St. Vil, Noelle Hubbert, Paulette. (2012). A Spirit Unbroken The Black Churchs Evolving Response to Domestic Violence. Social Work & Christianity. 2012, Vol. 39 Issue 1, p52-65. 14p. Wimberly, Edward P. (2000). The Civil Rights Movement as a Potential Mentoring Model for Ending Domestic Abuse. Journal of Religion & Abuse, Vol. 2 Issue 1, p33. 16p. Hampton, Robert L. LaTaillade, Jaslean J. Dacey, Alicia Marghi, J. R. (2008). Evaluating Domestic Violence Interventions for Black Women. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma, Vol. 16 Issue 3, p330-353. 23p. Haines, E. (2007). Charges against husband put new focus on televangelist. USA Today.com. Retrieved from http//www.usatoday.com/news/religion/2007-09-01-ynum_N.htm Jordan, L. M. (200 5). Domestic violence in the African American community. Retrieved from http//new.vawnet.org/Assoc_Files_VAWnet/RoleoftheBlackChurch.pdf

Study On Biomass Power Plant Environmental Sciences Essay

Power coevals from biomass pressure is going unrivalled of the most promising options to the established military force workss based on fossil fuels such as coal or rude(a) throttle. BiomassOk, so, biomass is defined as any organic stuff derived from workss, that is uncommitted on a renewable footing. These stuffs argon by and sizeable known as biomass feedstocks and includeWood from forestry fixingss ( foristri the scientific discipline of caring for woods, and the trees and other workss that grow in them ) or from wood treating systems ( production of wood merchandises, such as mush and paper, building stuffs ) .Energy harvests which argon harvests grown specifically for energy applications.Agricultural residues ( residius ) residues from agribusiness reaping or processing.Municipal Waste ( miunicipal ) which is residential, commercial message, and institutional post-consumer cop such as waste paper, composition board, nutrient waste.And similarly Animal Waste from fa rms and animal-processing industries.The production of electrical energy from biomass is described as a C impersonal engineering because when a new works is turning, it absorbs coke dioxide from the ambiance to make glUcose utilizing energy from the Sun. When this works stuff is burned or decomposed by microorganisms the carbon dioxide is released defend to the ambiance.These result is known as C rhythm which maintain the atmospheric CO2 gunpoints and has happened since there take aim in been workss on Earth.Fossil fuels such as coal and bodge atomic number 18 also derived from biological stuff nevertheless this stuff absorbed CO2 from the atmosphere many 1000000s of old ages ago and when the dodo fuels are burned, this carbon dioxide is released to the ambiance increasing the natural atmospheric concentrations.The critical difference between biomass and fossil fuels is one of trim back graduated get across.There are presently two chief agencys utilize in male monarch workss for the production of electricity from biomass and they are direct burning and gasification.Direct burning is basically the incineration of dry biomass in the presence of air to generate forwards passion.Gasification is a thermochemical transmutation of biomass at high temperature ( 700AC to 1000AC ) in the presence of a limited sum of O into a combustible gas which is called syngas and is a mixture composed of chiefly carbon monoxide ( CO ) and H ( H2 ) C monoxide, H, C dioxide and methane.Now let s see how these procedures are integrated into the biomass agency workss.So in the first procedureThe heat produced by direct biomass burning in a boiler croupe be employ to bring forth electricity utilizing a steam clean turbine in the same means as in a coal-burning military force works.This is a diagram of a typical biomass steam tycoon works.The biomass is collected and taken to the power station.At the power station the biomass is fed into the boiler where it is bu rned.The heat from firing the biomass is used to boil piss which generates steam that turns the turbines.The turbines are connected to generators. The generator spins and the mechanical energy is converted to electrical energy.Biomass is renewable as it is a C impersonal beginning of energy.When a works is designed for working merely with biomass it is called apply biomass power workss.However, biomass send word be burned with coal in bing coal power workss. These are called co-firing workss and are one of the most cost-efficient agencies of change overing biomass to electricity at big graduated table. This method makes function of the bing substructure of the coal works and therefore it reduces the entire investing.The different co-combustion design constructs are shown in this figure. Co-firing can be direct, with biomass and coal being fed into the same boiler, or indirect, where a pre-treatment like gasification is carried out prior(prenominal) to the burning in the chief u nit. In parallel burning, biomass and coal burning are separate and the boilers are connected merely on the steam side.Presently most biomass electricity coevals is based on burning. The graduated table of operation is a really of import factor for the competency. The readiness tends to be in the scope of 18 % to 33 % in systems bring forthing from 10 to 50 MW. The maximal efficiencies could make well-nigh 45 % in big graduated table workss bring forthing more than 100 MW. In co-firing workss, strength of 39 % can be reached.Now let s speak about gasification in biomass power workss.A typical diagram of a biomass gasification procedure combined with power coevals is shown in this figure. In this illustration, biomass is first dried and so injected into the gasifier. The ensuing biogas is purified in a cleansing system. The purified biogas is so utilized in the conventional Combined Cycle Gas Turbine ( CCGT ) power works, to bring forth electricity.The biogas produced in the gasi fication procedure can besides be used in burning engines ( 10 kilowatt to 10 MW ) with efficiency of 30 % -35 % . At larger graduated tables ( & gt 30 MW ) , where gasification-based systems are coupled with combined gas and steam turbines the efficiency increases up to about 45 % .There are two others procedures which can be used to bring forth electricity from biomass but they are still in a pre-commercial phase.The first of them is Pyrolysis which is a thermochemical buncombe of organic stuff at high temperatures 325AC to 500AC in the absence of O, bring forthing gas and liquid merchandises that could be used in power coevals units or upgraded to transport fuel. This procedure besides produces a carbon-rich residue called biochar and one of the of import facets of biochar is that it is a natural fertilizer that can be used to better dirts quality, which can potentially increase energy harvest productiveness.The 2nd one, anaerobiotic digestion is a natural biochemical procedure in which microorganisms interrupt down the organic stuff, in the absence of air, to bring forth biogas ( chiefly a mixture of around 60 % methane and 40 % C dioxide ) .Anaerobic digestion is a procedure suitable for utilizing wet biomass, organic waste or carnal waste to bring forth power coevals on site.There are a figure of engineerings that support the transition paths of biomass feedstocks into energy.Drying is the most classic because High wet content subscribes to be reduced to increase the net calorific revalue of the biomass, besides to cut down conveyance costs, and to better burning efficiency and the overall stinting sciences of the procedure. Biomass such as untaught and forest residues can be left in tonss on the harvest dwelling house site for deceasing, but particularly in humid climes, or parts with heavy snow autumn, this leave behind non be sufficient to acquire to really low ( & lt 20 % ) wet content. Covering biomass hemorrhoids with rainproof sheets is a common step that helps accomplish low wet content and avoids decay of the biomass. In some instances, biomass feedstocks need to be actively dried before transition into utile energy. This can be executable from an economic and environmental point of position if waste heat is used, but to utilize fossil energy for drying biomass is indefinite from both an economic every bit good as sustainability point of position.Pelletisation and briquettingBoth pelletisation and briquetting are commercially available engineerings to automatically compact biomass. Low quality wood is the major feedstock for production of wood pellets, whereas briquetting is usually used to distill agricultural residues. Pellets are frequently used for long-haul conveyance of fuels for big graduated table usage, for illustration for co-firing in coal discharged power coevals workss.CleaningThe gas obtained from gasification contains drosss and particulates that need to be removed before utilizing it in power wor kss, because these contaminations can lend to eroding, corrosion, and loss of strength in the gas turbine constituents.Conventional methods for taking contaminations from biogas typically rely on chemical or physical cleansing processes runing at temperatures of 38AC or less. When cooled to this compass point, about all of the steam nowadays in the syngas condenses and the contaminations are removed. But so the gas has to be reheated. So, this procedure is non effectual for gas power workss and that s why there is other engineering that is comparatively new and is called Hot gas killing where the cleansing procedure is carried out at high temperature, so that cut down this efficiency loss and better the gasification works s commercial viability. The disadvantages of the hot gas killing engineering are that operational experience is limited, it has higher costs, and it adds complexness to the procedure nevertheless, it is considered to be the technologically more advanced pick for new dedicated biomass workss.BECSSCCS engineering is chiefly discussed in the context of avoiding CO2 emanations from dodofuels, but the this could besides be used in bioenergy transition workss. The opinion behind bioenergy with CCS ( BECCS ) is that capturing and hive awaying the CO2 emitted during bioenergy coevals provides the possibility to take impersonal Carbon dioxide from the ambiance, therefore planning negative emanations.CO2 impersonal procedureClean and dependable power beginning if sufficient biomass is availableWay to dispose waste stuffs that otherwise would make environmental hazards.Social and economic impacts are besides of import factors in the overall impact of bioenergy production. Bioenergy deployment has considerable possible to make employment in the agricultural and forestry sector and along the supply concatenation, and therefore to profit coarse communities. This facet is peculiarly of import in developing states, where much of the population depend s on agribusiness for their support. In these states, bioenergy frequently provides energy in rural countries, and there is considerable possible to heighten this function by bettering the efficiency of bioenergy usage and making new, sustainable supply systems for biomass feedstocks.Main barriers confronting enlargement of biomass for power coevals are high costs, low transition efficiency and feedstock handiness.As any new engineering, biomass power coevals requires presently in most instances some degree of fiscal support.In the long term, bio-power potency will depend on engineering progresss and on argument for feedstock usage, and with nutrient production for cultivable land usage.Long-distance transit reduces economic and environmental attraction of biomass.Hazards associated with encompassing usage of biomass relate to intensive agriculture, fertilisers and chemicals use and biodiversity preservation. Certifications that biomass feedstock is produced in a sustainable manne r are requisite to better credence of public wood and lands direction.The usage of energy from biomass day of the months back to the first clip a fire was lit from the burning of wood. Prior to the industrial revolution, biomass was used for all of our energy demands. Up until the 1880s wood was used for 91 % of all our energy requirements.A1890. Coal began to displace wood used in steam coevals.1980s. High oil monetary values and dependance created new involvement in biomass energy, biomass power workss were built in North America and a big biomass power industry cursorily developed in California. By 1985, California had 850 megawatts of installed biomass power capacity.1990s. Governments take a greater involvement in utilizing renewable energy, such as biomass, to diminish nursery gases and other emanations.2000. A study of 133 states by the internationalistic Energy Agency shows that the biomass portion of entire energy ingestion is 10.5 %Presently, bioenergy electricity is chi efly generated through steam power coevals, including co-firing workss. Electricity supply from biomass has been increasing bit by bit since 2000 and in 2010 biomass provided around ( 280 TWh ) 1.5 % of beingness electricity production. Power coevals from biomass is still concentrated in developed states, but for illustration china and Brazil are besides going of import electricity manufacturers in peculiar from agricultural residues convey to back up programmes. The theoretical accounts established in these states could besides go a feasible manner to advance bioenergy electricity coevals in other non-OECD states with similar conditions.Harmonizing to the International Energy Agency roadmap, foundation bioenergy electricity coevals will increase by more than 10 times from around 290 TWh in 2009 to 3100 TWh in 2050 and could supply around 7.5 % of universe electricity coevals, compared to 1.5 % today. The usage of biomass for power coevals varies between parts, depending on biom ass handiness, transition costs, and the handiness of alternate low-carbon energy beginnings. China histories for the largest portion ( 920 T Wh ) of entire bioenergy electricity coevals in 2050, followed by OECD Americas ( 520 T Wh ) . Other parts besides have considerable coevals degree in 2050 such as OECD Europe ( 370 T Wh ) , Other Developing Asia ( 570 T Wh, of which 250 TWh in India ) , easterly Europe and former Soviet Union ( FSU ) ( 280 TWh, of which 170 TWh in Russia ) and Central and South America ( 240 T Wh, of which 190 TWh in Brazil ) , some ( e.g. Eastern Europe and FSU, China ) get downing from a really low footing.

Marketing Plan: Zara Essay

I. administrator SummaryZara is the largest retail company owned and run by Inditex, largest Spanish corporation and the worlds largest dash group. The way Zara has runs its company is by following a vertical integrated operation that has the good to shorten the time in making decisions. Inventories in the stores depend on the geographic area in which the store is located and the way Zara does their marketing is by just displaying posters at stores and by their windows display. This approach to yield business has work very well for Zara they show an economic growth despite the strong crisis turn out in the United States. The problem that Zara faces is whether to update their existing software package or to keep the current software but running in the misfortune that the only DOS supplier will cease to take the software. Several benefits and economical costs are described to observe either it would be a sassy move or not.II. Situational AnalysisIII. Target MarketZara sells app arel, footwear and accessories for women, men and children. Product lines were segmented into these trinity categories, with further segmentation within the womens line as it was considered the strongest out of the three, with an overwhelming majority of women in the ass market (78%).Zaras consumers are young, value conscious and highly sensitive to the a la mode(p) counterfeit trends in the industry. An advantage that the brand has over conventional retailers is that they do not define and segment their target market by ages resulting in creations and styles that can reach a broader market.Zara offers cutting edge fashion at affordable prices by following the well-nigh up-to-date fashion trends and identifying consumers have, and quickly getting the latest forms into stores.IV. jam AnalysisV. Marketing Objective and GoalsThe original business idea was very simple. Link customer demand to manu detailuring, and link manufacturing to distribution. That is the idea westill live by. (Jose Maria Castellano Rios, Inditex CEO)Zaras CEO and founder, Amancio Ortega, saw the great vastness of having retailing and manufacturing fast together in the apparel industry and from his view Zara was able to position itself as a company with vertical integration control system. It covers all phases of the fashion process design, manufacture, logistics and distribution to its own managed stores. It is also characterized by their strong focus on their customers. VisionZARA is committed to satisfying the desires of our customers. As a result we pledge to continuously innovate our business to improve your experience. We promise to provide vernal designs make from graphic symbol materials that are affordableMission StatementThrough Zaras business model, we aim to loan to the sustainable spudment of society and that of the environment with which we interacts.VI. Marketing schema and TacticsCompetitive Advantage Market-oriented StrategyMost of Zaras designs are based on t he latest trends and they are ever changing harmonize to the immediate feedback from customers. Zara employs its service staff in listening to customers preferences and reacts very quickly to them. It is only a government issue of weeks before the designs get altered, manufactured and restocked in the stores. If a design is largely unpopular, Zara will not waver to withdraw them from the shelves. Its global establishment also provides an extensive network of shopper-feedback which allows them to be ahead of competitors in spotting global fashion trends. Product Fast Moving FashionZara prides itself on fast moving fashion with new designs restocked in limited quantity every two weeks. This encourages consumers to frequent the stores for new designs and to snap up interesting outfits on the spot in order to guarantee themselves a piece. This provides a sense of exclusivity to shoppers. branch Industry Leader in Lead TimeCreative teams consisting of designers, sourcing specialist an d product development personnel, develop design collections. The teams work simultaneously on different clothing, building and improving on styles previously available. Zaras designers are trained to limit the number of changes made by lowering the number of samples required, minimizing cost and turnover time. Its demand based production or Just-in-time (JIT) production reduces the amount of inventory available, lowering Zaras retention cost. Zaras outstanding lead time is unbeatable in the industry at the moment. Further more, Zara eliminated the traditional design process, where design and development overrides fabric procurement. In Zara, the design teams work with the available fabric, allowing for faster fashion. Price execrable Cost, High FashionZara believes in offering high fashion at a low cost. Prices set from $79.90 to $539.00 for both Womenswear and Menswear while the Kids segment has coats starting from $65.00 and these prices can start from $30 during a sale. Taking quality and cost into account, Zara prides itself in providing high fashion at an affordable cost, making its customers purchases value-worthy. Place Prime retail LocationsZara, like its competitor brands, is located in prime retail areas like Ion Orchard, Orchard Road, 313Somerset where humans traffic is high. As aforementioned, Zara invests in prime locations as they place great emphasis on the video display of its storefronts. Zara also has an online store, which increases accessibility to its customers, allowing them to make purchases conveniently on the go. However, this function is currently not available to Singaporean customers. Promotion Minimum AdvertisingZara uses 0.3% of sales revenue on advertising, minimal when comparisond to its competitors (3-4% of sales revenue). Instead of relying on traditional mass-marketing mediums, Zara uses prime retail locations to attract its customers. It also ensures that storefronts and window displays are attractive and fresh to cust omers by making frequent changes to the items on display. The interior of the store is also clean and bright, with spaciouslanes in among racks. This provides a very comfortable shopping experience. Having a good image projection of the store is zippy as this is Zaras most effective marketing communications alsol. When customers walk into a store, Zara wants to portray to customers that the latest fashion is always available. VII. slaying and Control1975-1995 Since its inception in 1975 till 1995 Zara has followed the method of inspection in order to keep a check on the quality of its products. Zaras designing team has worked closely with customers and have spend their time in spotting the latest trends in demand. An instant sketch of the design has been analysed and the accordingly produced. The quality control teams at Zara inspected the designs before placing them in stores. M995 till date After 1995 Zara has employ the practice of Total Quality Management. In this practice Z aras vertically integrated supply grasp tries to achieve Continuous Improvement of their processes, which includes spotting of the fashion trends, designing, and procurement of their materials, the CAD engineering they use for designing, their better inventory management and finally their centralised logistics and distribution system. Each of the components of the supply chain process has been explained below. Implementation EffectivenessZara choose to invest within its own software rather than buying new technology simply because the companys operations were unique and commercial packages would not fit also the fact that Zara is a global company, it deals with various currencies that standard accounting packaged would have to be extensively customized and comprehensive. Zaras operating system, DOS, is obsolete from the market affecting the firm with no reliable system for future anticipate not keeping up any historical date means being unable to prophesy sells, plan or estimate loses/gains and margin on particular designs (Anonymous, n.d). Unreliable fax machines that were taking too long and costing too more than to fax order forms back and forth to stores caused delays and frustration. The use of telephones is greatly affected by miscommunication and mishearing. From the above it can be deducted that Zaras internally application is not a good match for the firms needs because their internally developedapplications are not easy to call down and are not compatible with other applications, POS terminals are outdated and stores need POS terminals that will insure no infrastructure problems and its IT department is relatively small for the size of the firm. Evaluation of IS ImplementationIn this case, Zara believes less is more and makes minimal use and investment in IT. The competitive advantage Zara has over its competitors is not so much due the use of IT, but because of its quick response to the changing market. Zara does not have a headman information officer or any formal process for setting an IT budget. Castellano estimated Inditexs IT budget for 2002 was 0.5 % of the revenue, as compared to the 2% of the revenue of other North American retailers (McAfee et al., 2007). As there is no formal confession of IT efforts, there is also not any cost/benefit analysis. However, to maintain business competitiveness is the most important factor to consider when making any decision regarding the upgrade of IS. Zara needs to analyze and compare the Tangible (quantitative) costs and benefits as well as the Intangible (qualitative) costs and benefits of the old system and the new system.

Mudik in Indonesia

The tradition of mudik or home for the holidays is found in many countries. Why is this tradition so strong in certain societies? Does it still have a place in at onces world? Mudik is an Indonesian term used to describe when someone who lives away from home is climax home for the holidays. This tradition is often seen during great holidays, such as Christmas and Eid-ul-Fitr. In Indonesia, for example, as many as 30 million people go mudik on Eid-ul-Fitr in 2011. Most people do mudik legal action because they want to reunite with their families after being away for working or studying for a considerable m.Some societies think that mudik is a sacred tradition, because they usually only do that once a year on the great holidays. At that time, they incur that they need to see their family members and strengthen the relationship with them by spending time together. Moreover, those holidays are very essential in both culture and religion matters, and therefore, people are will to go for a long distance trip home to celebrate them. Many people nutriment far away from home in big cities do not only do mudik as a tradition, but also as a reason to run away from urban breeding and to feel again the atmosphere of the home where their childhood memories be.For instance, the stress I had brought from the urban city all at once disappeared when I ate my mothers cooking that I always missed. Nowadays, the number of people go mudik is increasing over time. One of the reasons is the increasing level of income, so more people can make to buy travel tickets or even drive their own private vehicles as transport means. An reckon they have which is to be back again with their families. They will go through any constrains only to feel again their home sweet home atmosphere.

Problems facing india Essay

THE rupees tumble continues to grip India. On august 29th Duvvuri Subbarao, the departing node of the key bank, told an audience in Mumbai of the widespread dismay approximately the ferocity of the depreciation. Today, on August 30th, I spoke to the boss of a regretful hotel in the city who says he is preparing to dollarise his business. The rupee is too flaky to ope locate in, he said. Its just like Russia and Indonesia in the 1990s. Shortly after this, Manmohan Singh, the prime minister, addressed fan tan on the matter. While part of the currency slump is a natural castigateion to reflect high inflation, he said, foreign exchange markets concur a notorious history of everywhereshooting. Unfortunately this is what is happening. That statement looks correct on a three-day time horizon.The rupee almost breached 69 per dollar earlier this week. On August 30th it bounced back to 65.7, making it the best-performing big currency worldwide that day, though still leaving it implem ent 16% year-to-date. The vote by Britains parliament against military action in Syria has helped push raze oil prices. That is helpful for India, a big energy importer. And some of the Reserve Bank of Indias tweaks countenance calmed nerves. On August 28th the central bank said it would provide dollars imposingctly to Indias big oil-importing firms. That will stop them having to sell rupees in the spot market. It is an indirect way for the RBI to use its militia to support the exchange rate. Whether Indias currency has stabilised is an different matter. There is plenty to worry ab step up.The mentality of the Federal Reserve ending its purchases of bonds draws ever closing curtainr, especially with good news from the American economy this week. That essence the Great Exit of money from emerging markets may continue. Both Indonesia and Brazil raised interest judge this week to protect their currencies, making India relatively less attractive. A foreigninvestor in town told m e at he would not invest in India until it raised its pass judgment. He had arrived in India expecting to allocate more(prenominal) cash to it now prices have fallen, but after several days he felt more discouraged and reckoned that the slump had further to go. As if to confirm that view, gross domestic product figures were released on August 30th for the quarter to June. ripening slowed to 4.4%, from 4.8% in the preceding quarter. Manufacturing contracted.These figures do not yet reflect the credit crunch that has taken tail over the last two months, so it seems likely that GDP growth will slow notwithstanding further. A good monsoon may boost farming, but the formal, industrial bit of the economy is in dire condition. On August 27th Palaniappan Chidambaram, the finance minister, said that the government had fast-tracked $27 billion of power and other projects stuck in red record. But I have yet to find a full story of these proposals. In the past such announcements have c ontained far more hype than substance, as we explained in an expression in June. That credit crunch is still pronounced, even if the rupee has recovered a little. Most measures of try in the financial system are still flashing red, reflecting Indian banks bad debt problem. Credit indifference swaps on State Bank of India, which measure its risk, have soared. Short-term market interest rates have not come down.The government has yet to show much desire to clean up banks misfire loans and is instead putting more pressure on them to extend and pretend. Even as mayhem stalks the currency market, the election campaign is ramping up. Indias legislators may be lousy at making decisions about economic reform, but they are remarkably decisive at passing more populist measures. earlyish this week a new programme to increase food subsidies was agreed. Moodys, a credit military rank agency, warned that this will put more pressure on the public finances. Then the lower house of parliament approved a new law on priming reform. It replaces a decrepit act that is over a century old. But businesses say the new rules will make it even harder to buy land to set up factories, with long delays becoming the norm. If the rupee still looks vulnerable, India has three options, none very palatable. wizard is to let the currency fall further. In most countries a cheaper currency would boost exports and help close the current-account deficit. But Indias manufacturing industry is too small and too bound in red tape to ramp up quickly. So a turn-around in the balance of payments may take time during which investors could panic. meanwhile the weaker currency maydestabilise the domestic economy by adding to inflation and increasing the governments subsidies on fuel and thus its borrowing. The second option is to do the opposite and increase interest rates to attract more foreign money in, following the path of Indonesia and Brazil. But this would further hammer Indian industry, whic h is already in poor shape, and probably increase bad debts at banks too. If the economy slowed further as a result, equity investors major power begin to worry about corporate earnings declining and pull out their roughly $200 billion of investments in listed shares. Inducing a credit crunch in India might make things even worse. The last option is to lower government borrowing.It is running at 7% of GDP (including Indias states) and has stoked excess demand in the last few years, widening the current-account deficit. The populist political climate doesnt make big spending cuts easy, though, and while it is often accused of epic profligacy, Indias central government has pretty low expenditure relative to GDPabout 15%. There is precisely no way it can cut its way to a balanced budget. What India really needs is more appraise revenues. But with a narrow tax baseonly 3% of Indians pay income taxthis might mean concentrating tax rises on the formal economy, which is already reeling . For now my sense is that the authorities pattern is to let the rupee trade freely but hold out the threat of an interest rate rise or direct intervention in the currency market to try to scare mutilate speculators. At the same time they will squeeze borrowing as much as is assertable during an election and use administrative measures, such as higher duties, to try to cap imports. It is a think that the economy will pick up soon and that growth will make Indias problems lead away. The trouble is that the economy is still decelerating.

What Does It Mean to Be Well-Educated Essay

In the article What Does It Mean to Be lettered Mr. Kohn point out 6 points on be educated. Point 1.The Point of Schooling. (Nel Noddings the professor emerita at Stanford University, urges us to reject the deadly nonion that the schools first priority should be intellectual increase and contends that the main buzz off of education should be to produce competent, caring, loving, and lovable citizenry.) I like this quote on the purposes of education. I pop off in a Christian School the maine goal for us as teachers and coaches is to participate in the development of a sanitary-rounded student so they pot learn the knowledge and skills they need to be favored in life. The following(a) point that I would like to discuss is the concept of evaluating people as a whole vs. someones education. In this point Mr. Kohn ripples about the expiration in existence well educated and the difference from just being provided with a poor education. Is there a difference?I person altogeth ery believe there are different types of education and non solely people learn the uniform way. In the city that I live in there are galore(postnominal) choices for schools from private to public. In some cases people move multiple times to keep their children in the rule with the best schools. You essential look at the person and where they came from in some families unfortunately education is not a main concern survival as a whole may be. Therefore we must look at the whole person not just the education someone may sacrifice. The next point is the absence of consensus, in this point Mr. Kohn discusses what a high school student should know or be able to do. He goes on to talk about the local and state and national standards. Should they all be the said(prenominal)? I believe it would be hard for every state to have the same standards across the board for education.There are going to be obvious areas where education is harbord and areas where simply surviving is important. The district in my area is too large and some of the same standards do not make sense and applied to each town and county. I think that having standards is a good purpose but there should be a better way of measuring these standards than simply shielding the students sometimes individuals are not very good at test taking. Another important point Kohn discusses is all the definitions used for accommodations and school preconditions that do not make sense. The concept of seat time, which is the idea of being in a seat for a specific amount oftime dose not mingy that you are well-educated. Just by setting in a lecture or listening to a new concept doesnt always hatch that you will retain that information that was being taught. The clean person forgets or senst remember what was said to them 48 hours ago.Another term is the term job skills Kohn states that It would be a mistake to reduce schooling to vocational preparation, if only because we can slowly imagine graduates who are well-prepared for the workplace (or at least for some workplaces) In this statement he is state us that someone with just one skill will be at a disadvantage, end-to-end life because of the way the world is changing with new technology that is make everything move quicker. The idea of test score is a point that interests me as well, just because you scored well on tests does not necessarily mean that you will be able to retain information from what you read. I think that some people have anxiety when it comes to tests specifically those with time limits and the added pressure of scoring well. In some cases teachers are under so much pressure to teach what will be on the test more then the concepts formulas of the existent of the class. They are not always statement what the proper foundations are of the subject. They are required to have reliable scores for their classrooms to be successful.Another interesting point that is made is the Memorization of a bunch o facts. Kohn ex plains, Familiarity with a list of words, names, books, and ideas is a uniquely poor way to judge who is well-educated. Just because you can talk about great authors remember some quotes and tell some theories doesnt mean you are well informed. Kohn also talks about the hierarchy of the graduation process and who is in charge of deciding who passes and fails because of a standardized test. It seams to be problem in multiple states. To be able to graduate you must give way in the required credits courses requirements. This is disturbing not merely because of the inherent limits of the tests, but also because teaching becomes distorted when passing those tests becomes the paramount goal. Students arguably receive an inferior education when pressure is applied to provoke their test scores, which means that high school exit exams may actually lower standards.With this statement you can see that Mr. Kohn feels thats the test scores are not actually relevant to all. He goes on to tell u s more about the Pass this standardized test or you dont graduate, If we look at most states we see that they are using curriculum standards to help students graduate withthe same standards as others students in other states. Students are scholarship facts, skills, and sub skills that they are expected to master at the grade level to continue on to the next grade level. The final point Kohn brings about lecture about what it takes to be well-educated. Kohn, lists some qualities that are used to help you to succeed. Schooling is organized around problems, projects, and questions as opposed to facts, skills, and disciplines. If teachers can focus on this and apply this to there classroom then knowledge and learning become exciting for the students. Teachers are generalists first and specialists (in a given subject matter) secondWith this statement you can see that if you can apply this to your class room that you can succeed and continue to have a great learning environment. Well-e ducated people have general knowledge of world needed for making rational decisions in personal and intellectual life and basic skills, which develops the analytical ability to order and suit to the changing environment. With an open mind, which helps to set up new and different goals in life, and with experiences and the skill to analyze and value the others ideas or thoughts. In Proverbs 179. 7 the fear of the LORD is the beginning of knowledge, but fools freeze off wisdom and discipline. 8 Listen, my son, to your fathers instruction and do not forsake your mothers teaching. 9 They will be a garland to grace your head and a chain to embroider your neck. This verse speaks to the lessons you have learned not only from your parents and the Bible but also from your time in school. Learning never ends to be well-educated you need to have the desire to learn and grow as the world continues to change.